Which factor does NOT impact the temperature of conductors and insulation?

Applied voltage to the conductors does not directly impact the temperature of the conductors and insulation. Instead, temperature is influenced primarily by the amount of current flowing through the conductors and the resistance of the material, which generates heat according to Joule's law.

Ambient temperature is significant because higher surrounding temperatures can increase the baseline temperature of the conductors and insulation. Current load determines how much electricity is flowing, thereby influencing heat generation due to electrical resistance. Insulation type matters as different materials have varying thermal properties, affecting their ability to conduct heat and resist temperature rises. Thus, while voltage relates to the potential energy in the system, it is the current load and the properties of the materials that more directly influence temperature changes.